A humanoid integrates a mechanical system (actuator-driven joints, limbs, grippers), power (batteries), sensing (cameras, LiDAR, IMU, force/tactile sensors), onboard compute and a control layer. Balance and gait control maintain dynamic stability, while AI models handle perception, task planning and manipulation. Learning (imitation, RL) and robotics foundation models are increasingly used.
Automating work in human-built environments without costly re-engineering โ one general-purpose platform instead of many specialized machines.
An influential bipedal humanoid demonstrating walking and interaction.
An advanced, dynamic humanoid for mobility research.
A wave of commercial humanoids (Figure, Tesla Optimus, Agility Digit, Unitree, AgiBot) and industrial deployments.
